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An proxy is also known as proxy server software which serves as a mediator between a client and server over the internet. Without a middleman the client would a request the resource directly to a server, and the server would then serve the requested resource directly to the user. While this process is simple to understand and apply, adding proxies provides advantages such as more speed and privacy, and a lot more. In addition to offering a security layer they also act as a security guardian of the internet between users and servers.

In general, the bundle of server hardware that includes proxy software is commonly referred to as proxy servers. But, this article will concentrate on the proxies that are typically referred to as software, and also in the context of web servers. We will present a summary of the two main types: one is forward proxy and the other being a forward proxy and the other a reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has a different usage, which may be confusing due to the similar namesake convention.

This article will provide readers with the information on what proxy services and their subtypes are, as well as the ways that they can be helpful for common setups. In this article you'll be in a position to recognize the scenarios in which you can benefit from a proxy. You can also choose the correct solution in the case of forward or reverse proxy, in any circumstance.

Understanding Forward Proxies

Forward proxy, also known in the context of being an open proxy, acts as the agent of a client who would like to transmit requests through the internet to a server that initiated it. In this situation, it's the case that all requests from the client will instead be sent straight through forward proxy. Forward proxy who is acting on behalf on behalf of client examine into the request. At first, it will decide whether the client is authorized to submit requests through this particular forward proxy. It will then either reject requests or redirect it to the server that originated it. The client will not be capable of having direct access to the internet; it is only allowed to access data that forward-proxy permits the client to access.

One popular reason to use forward proxy is the desire for more privacy or security on the internet. Forward proxy is able to access the internet as the client. In this process, it uses another IP address in comparison to the IP address of your client.

Depending on how it's been set up, and the way it has been configured, forward proxy may provide a variety of functions and the capability to:

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  Beware of Ad-trackers.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  You can determine restrictions based upon your geolocation.
  
  

Forward proxies are also employed in systems that provide central security and access that is dependent on permissions, such as at work. In the event that all internet traffic is routed through an open forward proxy, a administrator may restrict access to only certain users on the internet using an common firewall. Instead of implementing firewalls on the client layer which could comprise multiple computers with different configurations and users, a firewall can be installed on the forward proxy layer.

Remember that forward proxy servers must be configured manually to utilize and reverse proxies could not be noticed by the user. Depending on the type of IP address a client is transferred to the server that originated it via forward proxy, privacy and anonymity could be granted or not.

There are many options to investigate for forward proxies:

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  Apache is a well-known open-source web server, which offers forward proxy options.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another renowned open-source web server that has forward proxy capability.
  
  
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  Squid: An open-source forward proxy that utilizes an HTTP protocol. This doesn't offer an entire web server application. It is possible to refer to our instructions for setting up Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP, making it more suitable for use cases such as with peer-to-peer traffic. You could also find out how to set up Dante proxy to permit private connections on Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

A reverse proxy serves acting as an intermediary for the web server. It takes care of any requests that come in from clients on its behalf. Web servers can function as a single server or multiple servers. Additionally, it can serve as an application server such as Gunicorn. In all of these scenarios the request will come from a user of the internet in general. In most cases the request will be directed directly to the web server that holds all the information the user is seeking. In contrast, a reverse proxy serves as an intermediary, shielding the webserver from direct interactions with the open internet.

From the perspective of the user's viewpoint, the process of using reverse proxy is not much different from working with the Web server itself. It's essentially the same thing, however the client can't tell the distinction. Client makes an request for an item, and it is then followed by the receipt of it with no further configuration required from the client.

Reverse proxy proxies may offer features, like:

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  Centralized security for the web server layer.
  
  
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  Directing incoming traffic based on rules that can be set up.
  
  
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  The caching feature has been added to the app.
  
  

While centralized security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy services, reverse proxies give this benefit only to Web layer servers and not to the client layer. Instead of maintaining firewalls on Web server layers which could contain multiple servers with various configurations, the bulk of the firewall security is aimed at the reverse proxy layer. In addition, getting rid of the necessity of interfacing with firewalls and interfacing with requests made by clients through web servers enables them to concentrate on delivering resources.

In the case of multiple servers running through a reverse proxy, it also manages the way requests are routed to which server. There are many web servers offering the same service, and each offering different kinds of resources or some combination of both. They may employ an HTTP protocol to perform the role of a standard web server, but they can also incorporate protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can set up a reverse proxy to route clients to certain servers according to the resource requested or to adhere to certain rules for traffic load.

Reverse proxies also can benefit from their placement before web servers by virtue of caching. The large static files can be configured by caching rules so that they do not have to connect to web servers each time they request. There are solutions that provide the possibility of serving directly static assets, without needing to connect to the web server at all. Additionally, the reverse proxy can handle compression of these assets.

The well-known Nginx web server is an effective reverse proxy service. Although you can utilize it, the Apache web server, it also includes reverse proxy capabilities as an added feature of Apache which is in contrast to Nginx was originally designed to and is focused on the reverse proxy function.

The distinction between Forward and Reverse Proxy Use. The difference between Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use

Because "forward" as well as "reverse" have connotations that refer to directionality, as well as false comparisons to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic the labels could be confusing since both kinds of proxy services are capable of handling requests as well as responses. The best way to distinguish between reverse and forward proxy is to look at the needs of the application you're developing.

A reverse proxy is useful when you are developing an application that can serve web-based applications via the internet. They are your web servers in any interactions online.

Forward proxy applications can be useful when they are employed in front of the client for your personal use, or in a work setting. They represent your client's traffic for any internet-based interaction.

Utilizing case-based differentiation instead of focusing solely on common naming conventions can make it easier to avoid confusion.

Conclusion

In this article, we clarified the definition of a proxy, with the two primary types being the forward and the reverse proxy. Practical applications and a look at positive characteristics were utilized for the definition of forward proxies as well as reverse proxy. If you're interested to learn more about implementation of proxies take a look at our tutorial on how to configure Nginx to act as an Internet server, and reverse proxy on Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 Server.

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